吃货理财不败家不吃亏

对于吃,有些人特别坚持,就像吃货对美食永不言倦的热情,才能吃到想吃的,理财也是一样的道理。但因为嘴馋导致钱包漏洞,并非理财好习惯,要改!文 I 柯比

说到吃,从古至今有两位资深吃货兼理财高手值得借鉴,第一位是股神巴菲特,第二位是宋代大文豪苏轼。

[巴菲特]

巴菲特曾经说过,他的嘴放在哪里,公司的钱就放在哪里。由此可见,巴菲特也是一位资深美食爱好者,最爱投资 “吃出来的行业” 。

这个看似简单的投资逻辑背后,有日常生活轨迹做支撑。多年来,他很多时候是利用自己的 “吃货特质” 来投资布局,即把美食爱好与投资偏好相结合。

喜欢吃什么就投资什么

这何尝不是一种精明的理财方式,自己喜欢吃什么,就投资什么,不只当消费者,而是直接成为消费股的股东。

据统计,巴菲特投资的大部分项目都是自己要吃的,如DQ冰淇淋,百威,可口可乐,汉堡王,享氏。有趣的是,他连做慈善也贯彻 “吃货” 本色,即每年拍卖一次午餐机会,让得标者与他共进午餐,并把所得善款捐给美国慈善机构。

[苏东坡]

在古代,苏轼可以说是吃遍大江南北的吃货,中年以后被发配到黄州,惠州,儋州,走到哪吃到哪,不只会吃,还会发明菜。

据说以 “东坡” 命名的菜有64道,最著名的就是东坡肉,而且这道菜还有一段典故与减薪省钱有关。

苏轼被贬之后,俸禄减少,他想了个办法,每个月把4500文的俸禄分成30份,串起来挂在房梁上,每天挑一串下来用,没用完的钱放进竹简贮存起来,作为招待访客的支出。

量入而出的储蓄

这个方法放在现代,可以说是量入而出的储蓄方式,特别适合那些被公司减薪又想储蓄的人。

说回东坡肉,就是他发配黄州时研发的。据记载,苏轼曾写过一篇《猪肉颂》:黄州好猪肉,价贱如泥土。富者不肯吃,贫者不解煮。每日起来打一碗,饱得自家看君莫管。

在黄州,他看中了价格非常便宜的猪肉,经常买来专研做法,煞费苦心的摸索出一种特殊的煮肉技巧,为猪肉加工加值。

这种既省了钱又变着花样的发明,让他吃到了美食,也发明了新菜色,所以说他是 “研发型吃货” 也不为过。

戒掉「拿铁因子」堵住财务漏洞

真正的吃货精神是“吃要吃得有技巧,有战术!”,花钱也一样,要花在该花的地方,不要再让一些坏习惯,不知不觉的偷走你的钱。

很多月光族不明白,明明有收入,却一直无法存到钱,虽然已经努力的 “开源节流不白的流走。

如果这个状况一直持续,没有改善还有恶化的倾向,有可能是「拿铁因子」作怪而不自知,才会无钱还是不明法存到钱。

「拿铁因子」(Latte Factor)是美国首席理財大师大卫,巴哈(David Bach)提出的消费迷思。他认为,生活中所有因习惯而出现的消费行为,都可视为「拿铁因子」。

它就是导致很多人漏财而不自知的潜在因子,只要改变一点生活小习惯,就能减少不必要的开销,堵住财务漏洞。

调整生活和消费方式

拿铁因子只是一個比喻,并不是真的要你戒掉咖啡,做一个牺性生活品质,放弃享受生活又极度吝啬的人。而是稍微调整一下生活方式,如减少买咖啡的次数,改成在家泡咖啡。

若是没有喝咖啡的习惯,也可以根据状况替換成自己的因子,如:香菸因子,珍奶因子,甜品因子,汽水因子,汉堡因子,薯片因子,糖果因子等。

这些不好的因子,每次消费数额看似不大,日积月累之下,也是一笔钱。如果以每天10令吉花费计算,一个月就300令吉,一年就要3650令吉,若连续3年,数额将达1万950令吉,10年就3万6500令吉。 这笔钱若用在理财上,无论是储蓄或投资,30年后的数额会很可观。假设每年定时投入1万令吉,以每年8%回酬率计算,30年后这笔钱将有望增至122万3500令吉^。

非名牌不可吗?

另外,名牌因子也是导致很多人漏财的元凶。品牌迷思经常让人们习惯性的认准知名品牌,非该品牌不买。

比如逛超市时,很多人会选择知名品牌出产的商品,却忽略了价位比较便宜的 通用品牌

通用品牌 是大型连锁超市推出的自家品牌,通常价位都会比市场上常见的牌子便宜,对要节省开销的人来说是不错的选择。

另一种品牌迷思是指对名牌包包,鞋子,衣服等奢侈商品趋之若鹜的消费心态。

其实这都是没必要的消费,尤其是能力不足时,为了炫耀和满足虚荣感买名牌而欠一堆卡债,每个月为了还 名牌债省吃俭用,入不敷出,又是何苦来哉。

所以,下次买名牌前先想一想,有必要吗?有需要吗?若负担不起就暂时和名牌说再见,等有能力再来带走它吧。

^年依始便作出投资

FENG FEBRUARY 2021

China’s Glass King Cao Dewang (玻璃大王曹德旺)

Cao Dewang (曹德旺), also known as Cho Tak Wong or Tak Wong Cho, is a Chinese businessman. He is the chairman of Fuyao Group, one of the largest glass manufacturers in the world. Founder of Fuyao Glass Industry Group. Net worth: 4.1 billion USD (2021) Forbes. He is a great charity person. In May 2021, where Cao Dewang donated 10 billion yuan to establish a science and technology university, initially located in Fuzhou High-tech Zone.

How much money do you donate will become great charity man like Cao Dewang (曹德旺).

Since 1983 to 2020, cumulative charities by Cao Dewang attained RMB 12 Billion, It was the higher in China. In May 2021, he donated RMB 10 billion in a second time to establish a public university in Fujian, named Fuyao University of Science and Technology, initially located in Fuzhou High-tech Zone. This university able to accommodate around 3,000 – 5,000 students, which is focus basic frontier scientific research, talent training, and high-end talent introduction.

He have donated majority of his wealth for charities. According to Forbes China Rich List 2021, he not ranking at the top list, he ranked 192. 10 years ago, he has formed Heren Charity Foundation in May 2011, where he have structured 50% of his Fuyao Glass Industry shares (300 million shares) to set the Foundation, the market value of the share at the time was worth RMB 3.55 Billion. He has said “I am donated billion yuan is same as a general worker donated few thousand yuan” Over the past 10 years, this foundation received consistent dividend from Fuyao Glass Industry, as at end of  March 2021, the foundation has donated around RMB 3.1 Billion and 215 million shares remaining on the book (Market Value of RMB 11.6 Billion). The shareholding was dropped from the earlier 300 million shares to 215 million shares, but the share price of the share has appreciated from RMB 35.49 to RMB 116 per share. The recent donation of RMB 10 Billion which is almost the foundation fund, Cao Dewang believe he would donate all it wealth as charity, he said all the wealth he has created will be donate back as charity before he die.

Cao Dewang believe and think charity not only donate money, but charity also need to build a harmonious and stable society, caring for employees and respect the rule and regulations. He receives many respects of his charity attitude, and also many people admired his ability to form Fuyao Group.

At the age of 14 years old, he has left school earlier because poor family, then selling shredded tobacco and fruit for a living. In 1976, he joined the glass factory in Gaoshan Town, Fuqing City. In 1983, contracted this small township factory but lost money every year. In 1985, he decided to make special type of automotive glass, approached 1 million loan to introduce the advanced production equipment and sourcing many qualities technical talents. Things never smooth as what people think, he experienced numerous technical breakthroughs, final successfully developed an automobile glass maker and has big changed the China automotive glass industry. A piece of automotive glass cost aroud RMB 200, he managed to sell at RMB 2,000 and made huge profit margin.

Why Cao Dewang able to sell the glass at premium price, at that time, majority the automotive glass was monopolized by Japanese, a piece of same grade glass priced at RMB 8,000. Therefore, with the success of Fuyao Group, create great opportunity for the industry. In 1987, Fuyao Glass factory become Fuyao Glass Co. Ltd. In the 90s, Japanese automotive glass start leaving China market. This forced Fuyao has growth even faster and start to export to the rest of the world.

In 2000, Fuyao exports more than 200 million pieces of glass. In year 2001, three US glass companies complains to the US Department of Commerce again Fuyao about dumping Chinese windshield. In 2002, The U.S. Department of Commerce did not notify Fuyao to appear in court and unilateral planting of Fuyao constitutes dumping, then impose dumping duties on Fuyao’s glass. At that time, China had just joined the WTO, many domestic companies are not familiar with international rules at all. Although high prosecution costs, yet Cao Dewang sued the U.S. Department of Commerce with a petition. It took 3 years and more than 100 million yuan in litigation fees, in 2005, Fuyao Glass won this anti-dumping case in the United States. The new was shocked the world, Fuyao became the first Chinese company to sue U.S. business.

Now Fuyao Group to be world top automotive glass leader. In China any three cars, two are using Fuyao glass, while in the world, every four cars, one will be Fuyao glass. 

Focus is the key success of Cao Dewang. He never diversifies into any business, just focus on automotive glass and now to be the world leader.

学会开源节流 没花红也能 “淡定” 过年

行情差,保住饭碗已经很难得,很多人根本不敢奢望公司会发花红,可是眼看年关逼近,没花红怎样过年?文/何比

花红是公司奖励员工的制度化之一,行情好的时候,公司通常会在年底或农历新年前发花红; 行情不好,涨薪无期,连花红也被冻结,打工仔要如何过年?

难道真的要动用老本撑过去?这可是理财大忌,若非不得已,都不建议动用退休金,因为这将导致退休金出现缺口,影响退休金的累计。

在想方设法要如何应对新年开销之前,首先,我们必须了解到,花红之于理财,其实是一笔横财,数额不定且受外来因素影响,因此并不能归类在正财范围。

正财就是收入,打工的话就是工作所得的薪酬,每个月都有稳定数额进账,比较容易支配。所以只要保住饭碗,就不怕没正财,有了收入,才有办法开源节流,这一点打工仔必须有认知。

[不能只依赖花红过年]

既然是横财,就不能期待每年都有花红领,因此购置年货的钱,礼品及红包钱不应该只依赖花红,而是把过年所需的花费当成额外支出。

因此,在准备预算时,应该腾出一部分金额供 “额外支出” 用途,以应付如过年,婚丧喜庆,甚至旅游等所需的花费。有了这笔预算,即使没花红也能 “淡定” 过新年,应付各种额外支出也不成问题。

那么这笔钱又从何而来?当然是从开源节流开始。开源就是开拓其他管道,增加额外收入来源; 节流则是节省不必要的开销,控制金钱的流出。

开源方法

兼职赚外快

新年前后,都是赚钱的好时机,新年前可以在家自制新年食品,包礼篮赚賺外快,或者进货卖衣物饰品包包,增加额外收入; 新年期间若没有回乡,可以提供上门喂养宠物服务或在家帮忙朋友看护宠物。

另外,也可以趁周休假期,在商场,超市,新年展销会兼职,赚取日薪及佣金。如果车子状况允许,下班后兼职电子召车司机,送餐/货员也是增加收入的好方法。

出售二手物

提早大扫除,把一些少用但状况良好,适合邮寄的东西放上二手物资平台出售,如名牌服饰,潮流精品,漫画,书本等。

节流方法

善用旅游退款

从2020年3月中开始,政府因新冠疫情限制人民出国,导致很多人的旅游行程受影响,经过多个月的申请退票,退房,取消行程等程序,相信已经有不少人收到退款。

退款加上原本作为出游预算的资金,相信也是一笔可观数额,放入额外支出基金,足以应付新年开销。

减少额外付费服务

重新检视各种消费项目及账单,除了水,电,排污费这些必要开销,一些需要额外付费的服务,能减则减。如额外加购电视节目,水机及空气净化器清理配套,钟点女佣服务等,这些开销看似零散,加起来也是一笔费用。

远离网购

受疫情及行动管制令影响,许多人开始转向网购,去年双11购物数据显示,大马人的购物实力不容小觑。根据网购现金回馈平台ShopBack调查,大马在亚大区9个国家地区当中,双11的销售增长率是最高的国家之一!

由此可见,大马人的剁手功力已炉火纯青,但这对于理财并非好事,因为自控力差的人,为了省钱网购,到最后反而花更多钱,一直在网上刷卡买东西,这种“超前消费”的习惯通常常会导致开销失控。

因此,要削减非必要开支,首先要远离网购,不当剁手党,接着是减少刷卡次数,避免过多的超前消费,让开销处于在可控制范围内,达到节流目的。

环保新年

想要节省新年置装费,买一两件新年衣,一双鞋就够了,年初一,初二穿去拜年,讨个好意头,不一定天天都要穿新衣新鞋才算过年,一些平时很少穿的衣服也可以在新年期间穿,过个无经济负担又环保的新年。

减少购买新年礼品,在家自制年饼送礼给亲朋戚友,不失为环保之举,有助于减少浪费包装纸之余,也让收礼的人吃得更健康。

FENG JANUARY 2021 (good article for sharing)

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